Unlocking Fossil Brains: New Insights into Evolutionary Neuroanatomy

A groundbreaking study, “Predictive Methods and Probabilistic Mapping of Subcortical Brain Components in Fossil Carnivora,” was recently published in the Journal of Comparative Neurology, offering a fascinating glimpse into the evolutionary history of mammalian brains. This research combines advanced neuroimaging and statistical modeling to reconstruct subcortical brain structures in extinct Carnivora, shedding light on how their neural architecture adapted over 40 million years.

Using high-resolution MRI and 3D laser scanning, researchers analyzed modern carnivores like canids and felids to create predictive models for fossil species. These models allowed for probabilistic mapping of subcortical components such as the caudate nucleus and putamen, revealing evolutionary trends and deviations from expected brain-body scaling relationships. The study not only enhances our understanding of brain evolution but also establishes a framework for future collaborations between paleontologists and neurobiologists. Video clips -1; 2; 3.

Dr. Muhammad Spocter, a professor in the Anatomy Department at Des Moines University and an expert in comparative neuroanatomy, emphasized the significance of this work: “This study exemplifies how modern imaging techniques can breathe new life into fossil data, allowing us to make educated inferences about the cognitive abilities and behaviors of long-extinct species. It’s an exciting time for evolutionary neuroscience.”

Several student researchers, faculty and staff contributed towards the development of this study. For those inspired by such cutting-edge research, Des Moines University offers a Master of Science in Anatomy program that prepares students to explore questions at the intersection of evolution, neuroscience, and anatomy. As a student, you’ll gain hands-on experience with state-of-the-art tools and work closely with faculty like Dr. Spocter, whose expertise spans diverse taxa—from primates to carnivores.

Whether your goal is to teach anatomy, pursue medical school, or contribute to evolutionary research, DMU’s program provides a robust foundation for success. Explore the mysteries of brain evolution and join a field that’s redefining our understanding of life’s complexity. Apply now to become part of this transformative journey!



Source:
Baer, E., Nguyen, P.D., Lilly, S., Song, J., Yee, M., Matz, O., Sahasrabudhe, R., Hall, D.R., La, S., Merritt, B.J., Mahesh, P., Eliacin, C., Bitterman, K., Oddes, D., Bertelsen, M.F., Tang, C.Y., Cook, P.F., Mars, R.B., Hof, P.R., Dunn, R., Manger, P.R., Sherwood, C.C., & Spocter, M.A. (2025). Predictive methods and probabilistic mapping of subcortical brain components in fossil Carnivora. Journal of Comparative Neurology.